mysql内连接和外连接有哪些差异
发布时间:2023-05-06 14:10:28 所属栏目:MySql教程 来源:
导读:这篇文章主要介绍“mysql内连接和外连接有哪些区别”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在mysql内连接和外连接有哪些区别问题上存在疑惑,小编查阅了各式资料,整理出简单好用的操作方法,希望对大家解答”m
这篇文章主要介绍“mysql内连接和外连接有哪些区别”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在mysql内连接和外连接有哪些区别问题上存在疑惑,小编查阅了各式资料,整理出简单好用的操作方法,希望对大家解答”mysql内连接和外连接有哪些区别”的疑惑有所帮助!接下来,请跟着小编一起来学习吧! mysql内连接和外连接的区别:内连接会取出连接表中匹配到的数据,匹配不到的不保留;而外连接会取出连接表中匹配到的数据,匹配不到的也会保留,其值为NULL。 本教程操作环境:windows7系统、mysql8版本、Dell G3电脑。 区别 内连接(inner join):取出连接表中匹配到的数据,匹配不到的不保留 外连接(outer join):取出连接表中匹配到的数据,匹配不到的也会保留,其值为NULL 示例表 users表 mysql> select * from users; +----+-------+ | id | name | +----+-------+ | 1 | john | | 2 | May | | 3 | Lucy | | 4 | Jack | | 5 | James | +----+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) topics表 mysql> select * from topics; +----+---------------------------------------+---------+ | id | title | user_id | +----+---------------------------------------+---------+ | 1 | Hello world | 1 | | 2 | PHP is the best language in the world | 2 | | 3 | Laravel artist | 6 | +----+---------------------------------------+---------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 内连接(inner join) 示例 mysql> select * from users as u inner join topics as t on u.id=t.user_id; +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ | id | name | id | title | user_id | +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ | 1 | john | 1 | Hello world | 1 | | 2 | May | 2 | PHP is the best language in the world | 2 | +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) inner可以省略,as是给表起别名,也可以省略 mysql> select * from users u join topics t on u.id=t.user_id; +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ | id | name | id | title | user_id | +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ | 1 | john | 1 | Hello world | 1 | | 2 | May | 2 | PHP is the best language in the world | 2 | +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 以上两句等价于 mysql> select * from users,topics where users.id=topics.user_id; +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ | id | name | id | title | user_id | +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ | 1 | john | 1 | Hello world | 1 | | 2 | May | 2 | PHP is the best language in the world | 2 | +----+------+----+---------------------------------------+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 外连接(outer join) 左外连接(left outer join):以左边的表为主表 右外连接(right outer join):以右边的表为主表 以某一个表为主表,进行关联查询,不管能不能关联的上,主表的数据都会保留,关联不上的以NULL显示 通俗解释就是:先拿出主表的所有数据,然后到关联的那张表去找有没有符合关联条件的数据,如果有,正常显示,如果没有,显示为NULL 示例 mysql> select * from users as u left join topics as t on u.id=t.user_id; +----+-------+------+---------------------------------------+---------+ | id | name | id | title | user_id | +----+-------+------+---------------------------------------+---------+ | 1 | john | 1 | Hello world | 1 | | 2 | May | 2 | PHP is the best language in the world | 2 | | 3 | Lucy | NULL | NULL | NULL | | 4 | Jack | NULL | NULL | NULL | | 5 | James | NULL | NULL | NULL | +----+-------+------+---------------------------------------+---------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) 等价于以下,只是字段的位置不一样 mysql> select * from topics as t right join users as u on u.id=t.user_id; +------+---------------------------------------+---------+----+-------+ | id | title | user_id | id | name | +------+---------------------------------------+---------+----+-------+ | 1 | Hello world | 1 | 1 | john | | 2 | PHP is the best language in the world | 2 | 2 | May | | NULL | NULL | NULL | 3 | Lucy | | NULL | NULL | NULL | 4 | Jack | | NULL | NULL | NULL | 5 | James | +------+---------------------------------------+---------+----+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) 左外连接和右外连接是相对的,主要就是以哪个表为主表去进行关联 到此,关于“mysql内连接和外连接有哪些区别”的学习就结束了,希望能够解决大家的疑惑。 (编辑:聊城站长网) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |
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