for循环是Linux shell 中最常用的结构

发布时间：2023-07-26 14:46:12 所属栏目：Linux 来源：

导读：for循环是Linux shell 中最常用的结构。for 循环有三种结构：一种结构是列表for循环；第二种结构是不带列表for循环；第三种结构是类C风格的for循环。

for var in list

do

commands

done

#!/bin/

for循环是Linux shell 中最常用的结构。for 循环有三种结构：一种结构是列表for循环；第二种结构是不带列表for循环；第三种结构是类C风格的for循环。

for var in list

do

commands

done

#!/bin/bash

for test in alabama alaska arizona arkansas california colorado

do

echo the next state is $test

done

>

the next state is alabama

the next state is alaska

the next state is arizona

the next state is arkansas

the next state is california

the next state is colorado

#!/bin/bash

for test in alabama alaska arizona arkansas california colorado

do

echo "the next state is $test"

done

echo "The las state we visited was $test"

test=connecticut

echo "wait, now we're visiting $test"

>

the next state is alabama

the next state is alaska

the next state is arizona

the next state is arkansas

the next state is california

the next state is colorado

The las state we visited was colorado

wait, now we're visiting connecticut

#!/bin/bash

for test in I don't know if this'll work

do

echo "word:$test"

done

>

word:I

word:dont know if thisll

word:work

#!/bin/bash

for test in nevada "New Hampshire" "New Mexico" "New York"

do

echo "Now going to $test"

done

>

Now going to nevada

Now going to New Hampshire

Now going to New Mexico

Now going to New York

#!/bin/bash

list="Alabama ALaska Arizona Arkansas Colorado"

list=$list" Connecticut"

for state in $list

do

echo "Have you ever visited $state?"

done

>

Have you ever visited Alabama?

Have you ever visited ALaska?

Have you ever visited Arizona?

Have you ever visited Arkansas?

Have you ever visited Colorado?

Have you ever visited Connecticut?

#!/bin/bash

file="states"

for state in `cat $file`

do

echo "Visit beautiful $state"

done

#cat states

>

Alabama

Alaska

dddfac

dfsase

cvcvss

dfqzcvc

ddddwq

bnnn

qqojfaso

>

Visit beautiful Alabama

Visit beautiful Alaska

Visit beautiful dddfac

Visit beautiful dfsase

Visit beautiful cvcvss

Visit beautiful dfqzcvc

Visit beautiful ddddwq

Visit beautiful bnnn

Visit beautiful qqojfaso

#!/bin/bash

IFS=$'\n'

file="states"

for state in `cat $file`

do

echo "visit beautiful $state"

done

>

#cat states

>

A labama

Alaska

dddfac

dfsase

cvcvss

dfqzcvc

ddddwq

bnnn

qqojfaso

>

visit beautiful A labama

visit beautiful Alaska

visit beautiful dddfac

visit beautiful dfsase

visit beautiful cvcvss

visit beautiful dfqzcvc

visit beautiful ddddwq

visit beautiful bnnn

visit beautiful qqojfaso

在处理长脚本时，可能在一个地方需要修改IFS的值，然后忘掉它并在脚本中其他地方以为还是默认的值。一个可参考的简单实践：

IFS.OLD=$IFS

IFS=$'\n'

IFS=$IFS.OLD

#!/bin/bash

for file in /root/*

do

if [ -d "$file" ]then

echo " $file is a directory "

elif [ -f "$file" ]then

echo "$file is a file"

fi

done

#!/bin/bash

for file in /root/.b* /home/rich/badtest

do

if [ -d "$file" ]then

echo "$file is a directory"

elif [ -f "$file" ]then

echo "$file is a file"

else

echo "$file doesn't exist"

fi

done

类C语言风格

#!/bin/bash

for (( i=1; ido

echo "The next nuber is $i"

done

>

The next nuber is 1

The next nuber is 2

The next nuber is 3

The next nuber is 4

The next nuber is 5

The next nuber is 6

The next nuber is 7

The next nuber is 8

The next nuber is 9

The next nuber is 10

#!/bin/bash

for (( a=1, b=10; a do

echo "$a - $b"

done

>

1 - 10

2 - 9

3 - 8

4 - 7

5 - 6

6 - 5

7 - 4

8 - 3

9 - 2

10 - 1

11 - 0

12 - -1

（编辑：聊城站长网）

【声明】本站内容均来自网络，其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点，不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利，请及时与联系站长删除相关内容!