SQL Server中怎样获得服务器信息，SQL语句是什么

发布时间：2023-04-24 13:58:19 所属栏目：MsSql教程来源：

导读：这篇文章主要讲解了“SQL Server中怎样获取服务器信息，SQL语句是什么”，文中的讲解内容简单、清晰、详细，对大家学习或是工作可能会有一定的帮助，希望大家阅读完这篇文章能有所收获。下面就请大家跟着小

这篇文章主要讲解了“SQL Server中怎样获取服务器信息，SQL语句是什么”，文中的讲解内容简单、清晰、详细，对大家学习或是工作可能会有一定的帮助，希望大家阅读完这篇文章能有所收获。下面就请大家跟着小编的思路一起来学习一下吧。

在SQL SERVER中如何通过SQL语句获取服务器硬件和系统信息呢？下面介绍一下如何通过SQL语句获取处理器(CPU)、内存（Memory）、磁盘（Disk）以及操作系统相关信息。如有不足和遗漏，敬请补充。谢谢！

一：查看数据库服务器CPU的信息

---SQL 1:获取数据库服务器的CPU型号

EXEC xp_instance_regread

  'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE',

  'HARDWARE\DESCRIPTION\System\CentralProcessor\0',

  'ProcessorNameString';

---SQL 2:获取数据库服务器CPU核数等信息(只适用于SQL 2005以及以上版本数据库)

/*************************************************************************************

--cpu_count        :指定系统中的逻辑 CPU 数

--hyperthread_ratio    :指定一个物理处理器包公开的逻辑内核数与物理内核数的比.虚拟机

--             中可以表示每个虚拟插槽的核数。虚拟中[Physical CPU Count]其实

--             表示虚拟插槽数

*************************************************************************************/

SELECT s.cpu_count            AS [Loggic CPU Count]

   ,s.hyperthread_ratio        AS [Hyperthread Ratio]

   ,s.cpu_count/s.hyperthread_ratio AS [Physical CPU Count]

FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info s OPTION (RECOMPILE);

---SQL 3:获取数据库服务器CPU核数(适用于所有版本)

CREATE TABLE #TempTable

  (

   [Index] VARCHAR(2000) ,

   [Name] VARCHAR(2000) ,

   [Internal_Value] VARCHAR(2000) ,

   [Character_Value] VARCHAR(2000)

  );

INSERT INTO #TempTable

    EXEC xp_msver;

SELECT Internal_Value AS VirtualCPUCount

FROM #TempTable

WHERE Name = 'ProcessorCount';

DROP TABLE #TempTable;

GO

---SQL 4：在老外博客中看到一个计算CPU相关信息的SQL，不过虚拟机计算有点小问题，我修改了一下。

DECLARE @xp_msver TABLE (

  [idx] [int] NULL

  ,[c_name] [varchar](100) NULL

  ,[int_val] [float] NULL

  ,[c_val] [varchar](128) NULL

  )

INSERT INTO @xp_msver

EXEC ('[master]..[xp_msver]');;

WITH [ProcessorInfo]

AS (

  SELECT ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) AS [number_of_physical_cpus]

    ,CASE

      WHEN hyperthread_ratio = cpu_count

        THEN cpu_count

      ELSE (([cpu_count] - [hyperthread_ratio]) / ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]))

      END AS [number_of_cores_per_cpu]

    ,CASE

      WHEN hyperthread_ratio = cpu_count

        THEN cpu_count

      ELSE ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) * (([cpu_count] - [hyperthread_ratio]) / ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]))

      END AS [total_number_of_cores]

    ,[cpu_count] AS [number_of_virtual_cpus]

    ,(

      SELECT [c_val]

      FROM @xp_msver

      WHERE [c_name] = 'Platform'

      ) AS [cpu_category]

  FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info]

  )

SELECT [number_of_physical_cpus]

  ,[number_of_cores_per_cpu]

  ,[total_number_of_cores]

  ,[number_of_virtual_cpus]

  ,LTRIM(RIGHT([cpu_category], CHARINDEX('x', [cpu_category]) - 1)) AS [cpu_category]

FROM [ProcessorInfo]

---查看虚拟机CPU信息

DECLARE @xp_msver TABLE (

  [idx] [int] NULL

  ,[c_name] [varchar](100) NULL

  ,[int_val] [float] NULL

  ,[c_val] [varchar](128) NULL

  )

INSERT INTO @xp_msver

EXEC ('[master]..[xp_msver]');;

WITH [ProcessorInfo]

AS (

  SELECT ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) AS [number_of_physical_cpus]

    ,[hyperthread_ratio] AS [number_of_cores_per_cpu]

    ,[cpu_count] AS [total_number_of_cores]

    ,[cpu_count] AS [number_of_virtual_cpus]

    ,(

      SELECT [c_val]

      FROM @xp_msver

      WHERE [c_name] = 'Platform'

      ) AS [cpu_category]

  FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info]

  )

SELECT [number_of_physical_cpus]

  ,[number_of_cores_per_cpu]

  ,[total_number_of_cores]

  ,[number_of_virtual_cpus]

  ,LTRIM(RIGHT([cpu_category], CHARINDEX('x', [cpu_category]) - 1)) AS [cpu_category]

FROM [ProcessorInfo]

二：查看数据库服务器内存的信息

能否通过SQL语句获取服务器的物理内存大小？内存条型号？虚拟内存大小？内存使用情况？目前我所知道的只能通过SQL语句获取服务器物理内存大小，内存的使用情况。至于内存条型号，系统虚拟内存大小，暂时好像还无法通过SQL语句获取。

查看服务器的物理内存情况

    如下所示，从sys.dm_os_sys_info里面获取的physical_memory_in_bytes 或physical_memory_kb 的值总是低于实际物理内存。暂时不清楚具体原因（还未查到相关资料），所以计算大小有出入，要获取实际的物理内存，就必须借助CEILING函数。

--SQL 1：获取数据库服务器物理内存数(适用于所有版本)

CREATE TABLE #TempTable

  (

   [Index] VARCHAR(2000) ,

   [Name] VARCHAR(2000) ,

   [Internal_Value] VARCHAR(2000) ,

   [Character_Value] VARCHAR(2000)

  );

INSERT INTO #TempTable

    EXEC xp_msver;

SELECT Internal_Value/1024 AS PhysicalMemory

FROM #TempTable

WHERE Name = 'PhysicalMemory';

DROP TABLE #TempTable;

GO

---SQL 2：适用于SQL Server 2005、SQL Server 2008

SELECT CEILING(physical_memory_in_bytes*1.0/1024/1024/1024) AS [Physical Memory Size]

FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info OPTION (RECOMPILE)

SELECT physical_memory_in_bytes*1.0/1024/1024/1024

  , physical_memory_in_bytes AS [Physical Memory Size]

FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info OPTION (RECOMPILE)

---SQL 3：适用于SQL Server 2012 到 SQL Server 2014

SELECT CEILING(physical_memory_kb*1.0/1024/1024) AS [Physical Memory Size]

FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info OPTION (RECOMPILE);

---SQL 4：适用于SQL Server 2008以及以上的版本:查看物理内存大小，已经使用的物理内存以及还剩下的物理内存。

SELECT CEILING(total_physical_memory_kb * 1.0 / 1024 / 1024) AS [Physical Memory Size]

    ,CAST(available_physical_memory_kb * 1.0 / 1024 / 1024

                       AS DECIMAL(8, 4)) AS [Unused Physical Memory]

    ,CAST(( total_physical_memory_kb - available_physical_memory_kb ) * 1.0

    / 1024 / 1024 AS DECIMAL(8, 4))              AS [Used Physical Memory]

    ,CAST(system_cache_kb*1.0 / 1024/1024 AS DECIMAL(8, 4)) AS [System Cache Size]

FROM sys.dm_os_sys_memory

三：查看数据库服务器硬盘的信息

如下所示，我们可以通过下面脚本获取服务器的各个磁盘的使用情况。但是无法获取磁盘的型号、转速之类的信息。

SET NOCOUNT ON

DECLARE @Result   INT;

DECLARE @objectInfo   INT;

DECLARE @DriveInfo   CHAR(1);

DECLARE @TotalSize   VARCHAR(20);

DECLARE @OutDrive   INT;

DECLARE @UnitMB   BIGINT;

DECLARE @FreeRat   FLOAT;

SET @UnitMB = 1048576;

--创建临时表保存服务器磁盘容量信息

CREATE TABLE #DiskCapacity

(

[DiskCD]   CHAR(1) ,

FreeSize   INT   ,

TotalSize   INT

);

INSERT #DiskCapacity([DiskCD], FreeSize )

EXEC master.dbo.xp_fixeddrives;

EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1

RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', 1;

RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

EXEC @Result = master.sys.sp_OACreate 'Scripting.FileSystemObject',@objectInfo OUT;

DECLARE CR_DiskInfo CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD

FOR

SELECT DiskCD FROM #DiskCapacity

ORDER by DiskCD

OPEN CR_DiskInfo;

FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfo

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0

BEGIN

EXEC @Result = sp_OAMethod @objectInfo,'GetDrive', @OutDrive OUT, @DriveInfo

EXEC @Result = sp_OAGetProperty @OutDrive,'TotalSize', @TotalSize OUT

UPDATE #DiskCapacity

SET TotalSize=@TotalSize/@UnitMB

WHERE DiskCD=@DriveInfo

FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfo

END

CLOSE CR_DiskInfo

DEALLOCATE CR_DiskInfo;

EXEC @Result=sp_OADestroy @objectInfo

EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1

RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', 0;

RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0

RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

SELECT DiskCD   AS [Drive CD]   ,

  STR(TotalSize*1.0/1024,6,2)   AS [Total Size(GB)] ,

  STR((TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/1024,6,2)   AS [Used Space(GB)] ,

  STR(FreeSize*1.0/1024,6,2)   AS [Free Space(GB)] ,

  STR(( TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/(TotalSize)* 100.0,6,2) AS [Used Rate(%)] ,

  STR(( FreeSize * 1.0/ ( TotalSize ) ) * 100.0,6,2)    AS [Free Rate(%)]

FROM #DiskCapacity;

DROP TABLE #DiskCapacity;

四：查看操作系统信息

  通过下面SQL语句，我们可以查看操作系统版本、补丁、语言等信息

--创建临时表保存语言版本信息

CREATE TABLE #Language

(

[LanguageDtl]      NVARCHAR(64) ,

[os_language_version] INT

);

INSERT INTO #Language

SELECT 'English - United States'       ,1033 UNION ALL

SELECT 'English - United Kingdom'       ,2057 UNION ALL

SELECT 'Chinese - People''s Republic of China',2052 UNION ALL

SELECT 'Chinese - Singapore'         ,4100 UNION ALL

SELECT 'Chinese - Taiwan'           ,1028 UNION ALL

SELECT 'Chinese - Hong Kong SAR'       ,3076 UNION ALL

SELECT 'Chinese - Macao SAR'         ,5124;

WITH SystemVersion(SystemInfo,ReleaseNo)

AS

(

SELECT 'Windows 10' ,

    '10.0*'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview' ,

    '10.0*'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows 8.1' ,

    '6.3*'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows Server 2012 R2' ,

    '6.3'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows 8' ,

    '6.2'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows Server 2012' ,

    '6.2'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows 7' ,

    '6.1'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows Server 2008 R2' ,

    '6.1'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows Server 2008' ,

    '6.0'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows Vista' ,

    '6.0'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows Server 2003 R2' ,

    '5.2'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows Server 2003' ,

    '5.2'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows XP 64-Bit Edition' ,

    '5.2'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows XP' ,

    '5.1'

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Windows 2000' ,

    '5.0'

)

SELECT s.SystemInfo

   ,w.windows_service_pack_level

   ,l.LanguageDtl

FROM sys.dm_os_windows_info w

INNER JOIN SystemVersion s ON w.windows_release=s.ReleaseNo

INNER JOIN #Language l ON l.os_language_version = w.os_language_version;

DROP TABLE #Language;

注意：

  1：如上所示，临时表#Language的数据此处只列了几条常用的数据，如需全部数据，参考https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/goglobal/bb964664.aspx自行补充。

  2：操作系统的版本信息的数据来源于https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/library/ms724832(VS.85).aspx

有可能出现不同操作系统具有相同Version number值，例如Windows 7 和Windows Server 2008 R2的Version numberd都为6.1。导致下面查询结果出现多条记录（如下所示）。一般要酌情判断（如果生产服务器都为Windows服务器，可以剔除Windows XP、Windows 7这类数据）。

ps:使用SQL语句获得服务器名称和IP地址

使用SQL语句获得服务器名称和IP地址   获取服务器名称：

SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('MachineName')

select @@SERVERNAME

select HOST_NAME()

获取IP地址可以使用xp_cmdshell执行ipconfig命令：

--开启xp_cmdshell

exec sp_configure'show advanced options', 1

reconfigure with override

exec sp_configure'xp_cmdshell', 1

reconfigure with override

exec sp_configure'show advanced options', 0

reconfigure with override

go

begin

declare @ipline varchar(200)

declare @pos int

declare @ip varchar(40)

set nocount on

set @ip = null

  if object_id('tempdb..#temp') is not null drop table #temp

  create table #temp(ipline varchar(200))

  insert #temp exec master..xp_cmdshell'ipconfig'

  select @ipline = ipline

  from #temp

  where upper(ipline) like '%IPv4 地址%'--这里需要注意一下，系统不同这里的匹配值就不同

  if @ipline is not null

  begin

    set @pos = charindex(':',@ipline,1);

    set @ip = rtrim(ltrim(substring(@ipline ,

    @pos + 1 ,

    len(@ipline) - @pos)))

  end

  select distinct(rtrim(ltrim(substring(@ipline ,

  @pos + 1 ,

  len(@ipline) - @pos)))) as ipaddress from #temp

drop table #temp

set nocount off

end

go

但是很多情况下由于安全问题是不允许使用xp_cmdshell，可以通过查询SYS.DM_EXEC_CONNECTIONS ：

SELECT SERVERNAME = CONVERT(NVARCHAR(128),SERVERPROPERTY('SERVERNAME'))

,LOCAL_NET_ADDRESS AS 'IPAddressOfSQLServer'

,CLIENT_NET_ADDRESS AS 'ClientIPAddress'

FROM SYS.DM_EXEC_CONNECTIONS WHERE SESSION_ID = @@SPID

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