MySQL-5.5的二进制包是怎样安装的

发布时间：2023-09-28 15:30:08 所属栏目：MySql教程来源：

导读：本文主要给大家简单讲讲MySQL-5.5的二进制包是如何安装的，相关专业术语大家可以上网查查或者找一些相关书籍补充一下，这里就不涉猎了，我们就直奔主题吧，希望MySQL-5.5的二进制包是如何安装的这篇文章可以给大家带

本文主要给大家简单讲讲MySQL-5.5的二进制包是如何安装的，相关专业术语大家可以上网查查或者找一些相关书籍补充一下，这里就不涉猎了，我们就直奔主题吧，希望MySQL-5.5的二进制包是如何安装的这篇文章可以给大家带来一些实际帮助。

环境：

[root@SQL-M ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 6.8 (Final)

[root@SQL-M ~]# uname -r

2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64

开始安装配置：

[root@SQL-M ~]# cd /usr/local/src/

[root@SQL-M src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.55-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@SQL-M src]# ll -h

total 178M

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 178M Apr 22 16:27 mysql-5.5.55-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

MySQL-5.5的二进制包是如何安装的

[root@SQL-M src]# tar zxf mysql-5.5.55-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/   # 解压

[root@SQL-M src]# cd ..

[root@SQL-M local]# mv mysql-5.5.55-linux2.6-x86_64/   mysql-5.5.55     # 改名

[root@SQL-M local]# ln -s mysql-5.5.55 mysql          # 做软连接

[root@SQL-M local]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M          # 建立系统用户

[root@SQL-M local]# mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --user=mysql             # 初始化数据库

[root@SQL-M local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.5.55       # 对目录授权

[root@SQL-M local]# vi /etc/my.cnf                      # 创建配置文件，测试用的

[client]

port=3306

socket= /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

user    = mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/

character-set-server = utf8

skip-character-set-client-handshake

init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'

open_files_limit=1024

back_log = 600

max_connections = 800

max_connect_errors = 3000

table_cache = 614

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet =8M

sort_buffer_size = 1M

join_buffer_size = 1M

thread_cache_size = 100

thread_concurrency = 2

query_cache_size = 2M

query_cache_limit = 1M

query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k

thread_stack = 192K

tmp_table_size = 2M

max_heap_table_size = 2M

log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin

binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_size = 2M

expire_logs_days = 7

key_buffer_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M

lower_case_table_names = 1

skip-name-resolve

slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062

replicate-ignore-db=mysql

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M

innodb_file_io_threads = 4

innodb_thread_concurrency = 8

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M

innodb_log_file_size = 4M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

innodb_file_per_table = 0

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 2M

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[root@SQL-M local]# cp mysql/bin/* sbin/    # 复制执行命令到 sbin 下

[root@SQL-M local]# cp mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld # 生成启动脚本

[root@SQL-M local]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start      # 直接启动服务

Starting MySQL...... SUCCESS!

[root@SQL-M ~]# netstat -lntup                    # 查看服务

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      7853/mysqld

[root@SQL-M ~]# lsof -i:3306

COMMAND PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

mysqld 7853 mysql   12u IPv4 24118      0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)

[root@SQL-M local]# mysqladmin -u root password      # 给 root 密码，默认免密登录

Enter password:

[root@SQL-M local]# mysql -uroot -p             # 交互式密码登录

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.5.55-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test               |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.13 sec)

mysql> drop database test;             # 删掉测试库

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

+------+-----------+

| user   | host      |

+------+-----------+

| root | 127.0.0.1 |

| root | ::1            |

|         | localhost |

| root | localhost |

|         | sql-m      |

| root | sql-m      |

+------+-----------+

6 rows in set (0.11 sec)

mysql> drop user root@'::1';              # 把没用的用户删除

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> drop user ''@localhost;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user ''@'sql-m';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user root@'sql-m';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

+------+-----------+

| user | host      |

+------+-----------+

| root | 127.0.0.1 |

| root | localhost |

+------+-----------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit

[root@SQL-M local]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123 password    # 改密码

New password:

Confirm new password:

测试忘记root密码重新找回：

[root@SQL-M ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop       # 先停掉服务

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@SQL-M ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &    # 忽略授权表方式启动服务

[1] 3685

170422 17:37:34 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.

170422 17:37:34 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

[root@SQL-M ~]# 170422 17:37:39 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended

[1]+ Done                    mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables

奇怪居然失败了！看一下日志先。。。

[root@SQL-M ~]# tail /var/log/mysqld.log

170422 17:39:41 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start

170422 17:39:42 InnoDB: 5.5.55 started; log sequence number 1595668

170422 17:39:42 [Note] Recovering after a crash using /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin

170422 17:39:42 [Note] Starting crash recovery...

170422 17:39:42 [Note] Crash recovery finished.

170422 17:39:42 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306

170422 17:39:42 [Note]   - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0';

170422 17:39:42 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'.

170422 17:39:42 [ERROR] /usr/local/sbin/mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid' (Errcode: 2)

170422 17:39:42 [ERROR] Can't start server: can't create PID file: No such file or directory

可以看到，无法创建 pid 文件，这肯定是没权限造成的。

/var/run/mysqld 这个路径是配置文件里配的：

[root@SQL-M ~]# tail -3 /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

   这里有点奇怪，用 /etc/init.d/mysqld 启动服务时它不会读取配置文件里配置的 pid 路径，而用 mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & 忽略授权表方式启动服务却会读取配置文件里的 pid 路径。

不想动 /var/log/ 这个目录的权限，改配置文件

[root@SQL-M ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid

[root@SQL-M ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &   # 再次执行

[1] 7109

170422 17:54:17 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.

170422 17:54:17 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

[root@SQL-M ~]#                            # 这次可以了

[root@SQL-M ~]# mysql                 # 免密登录

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.5.55-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('123') where user='root' and host='localhost';                               # 修改密码

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;                   # 刷新后退出用新密码登录

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec)

以上二进制包简单安装完成。

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